来源：纽约时报中文网
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关于斯里兰卡爆炸案，我们所知的情况
斯里兰卡爆炸案最新进展：ISIS声称对袭击负责
What We Know and Don’t Know About the Sri Lanka Attacks
The Islamic State has claimed responsibility for the attacks by suicide bombers on Sunday in Sri Lanka that killed more than 300 people and wounded about 500.
伊斯兰国(Islamic State)已声称对周日斯里兰卡的自杀式炸弹袭击负责，这起事件导致超过300人死亡，约500人受伤。
The victims came from at least eight countries, and included worshipers at Easter Sunday services at the three churches that were among the targets of the coordinated bombings.
遇难者至少来自八个国家，包括成为本次袭击部分目标的三座教堂内参加复活节星期天礼拜的教徒。
The authorities in Sri Lanka said on Tuesday that the attack was carried out by National Thowheeth Jama’ath with help from international militants and possibly another local militant group, Jammiyathul Millathu Ibrahim.
斯里兰卡当局周二表示，袭击是由国家一神教团(National Thowheeth Jama'ath)组织在国际武装分子的帮助下实施的，并可能得到了另一当地武装组织易卜拉欣真信会(Jammiyathul Millathu Ibrahim)的援助。
What we know about the attacks
关于袭击我们所知的情况
• Investigators are looking into the possibility that the bombings were carried out as retribution for the attacks on two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, in March, the authorities said, although they did not elaborate or cite evidence to support that assessment.
当局表示，调查人员正在调查这起爆炸是否是对3月新西兰基督城两座清真寺枪击案的报复，尽管他们未详细说明或引述证据来支持这一评估。
retribution
表示“惩罚；报应”，不可数名词，英文解释为“Retribution is punishment for a crime, especially punishment that is carried out by someone other than the official authorities.”举个🌰：
He didn't want any further involvement for fear of retribution.
由于害怕遭到惩罚，他不想进一步卷进去。
elaborate
表示“详尽说明；阐述”，不及物动词，英文解释为“to give more details or new information about something”举个🌰：
He said he had new evidence, but refused to elaborate any further.
他声称有新证据，但拒绝进一步详细说明。
后可接介词on，近义词有enlarge on：
He refused to elaborate on his reasons for resigning.
他拒绝细说他辞职的原因。
• The F.B.I. has joined the investigation.
联邦调查局(FBI)已参与调查。
• Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe said “foreign involvement” was likely and that some of the attackers had traveled abroad recently. “Some of the evidence,” Mr. Wickremesinghe said, points to links with the Islamic State, although the militant group has presented little evidence to back up its claim of responsibility.
总理拉尼尔·维克拉马辛哈(Ranil Wickremesinghe)称，很有可能存在“外国势力参与”，且一些袭击者近期曾前往国外。维克拉马辛哈称“其中一些证据”指向与伊斯兰国的联系，尽管该武装组织几乎未提供多少证据支持其声称对此负责的表态。
back up
除了我们常见的“备份；支持”以外，该短语还可以表示“证实”，英文解释为“If someone or something backs up a statement, they supply evidence to suggest that it is true.”举个🌰：
Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory.
从该星系中心接收到的无线电信号证实了黑洞理论。
• The Sri Lankan government acknowledged that more than 10 days before the attacks, a foreign intelligence agency gave the country’s security officials a detailed warning of a possible threat to churches by National Thowheeth Jama’ath.
斯里兰卡政府承认，袭击发生前10多天，某外国情报机构向该国安全官员发出了一份详细的警告，称几家教堂可能面临国家一神教团的威胁。
• That the country's security agencies did not aggressively act on the warnings is being called a “colossal failure on the part of the intelligence services” and has created a crisis for the government.
斯里兰卡安全机构未对警告做出有力应对，被认为存在“情报工作的重大失误”，并已导致政府危机。
aggressive
除了常见的“好斗的；挑衅的”以外，该词还可表示“有进取心的，有冲劲的；汲汲于成功的”，英文解释为“very determined to succeed or get what you want”比如《福布斯》网站有一篇“成功企业家都具备的三大品质”的报道中就有这样一句话：
colossal
表示“巨大的”，英文解释为“If you describe something as colossal, you are emphasizing that it is very large.”举个🌰：
This whole holiday was a colossal waste of money.
这次度假浪费了大量的钱财。
• The archbishop of Colombo joined elected officials and others in chastising the government for a serious lapse in security and for failing to warn that a terrorist group planned to attack churches.
科伦坡大主教与民选官员及其他方面一道谴责了政府，称其在安全问题上犯有严重失误，并未能就恐怖组织计划袭击教堂一事发出警告。
chastise
表示“训斥；责罚”，英文解释为“If you chastise someone, you speak to them angrily or punish them for something wrong that they have done.”举个🌰：
The Securities Commission chastised the firm but imposed no fine.
证券委员会责备了该公司但没有课以罚款。
lapse
表示“疏忽，失误”，英文解释为“a short period of time during which you fail to do something well or properly, often caused by not being careful”举个🌰：
Despite the occasional lapse, this was a fine performance by the young saxophonist.
除了这处偶然失误，这位年轻萨克斯手的表演堪称精彩。
BBC的有关报道也在标题中用到了这个词：
• The death toll has risen to 321. Unicef, the United Nations’ children agency, said that at least 45 of those killed were children.
死亡人数已升至321人。联合国儿童基金会(Unicef)称，遇难者中至少有45名儿童。
• Sri Lanka’s president declared on Monday a conditional state of emergency that gave the security services sweeping powers to arrest and interrogate people, and to conduct searches. A dusk-to-dawn curfew remains in effect in Colombo, the capital, and major social media and messaging services remained blocked by the government.
斯里兰卡总统周一宣布进入有条件的紧急状态，可给予安全机构逮捕和审讯人员、展开搜查的巨大权力。首都科伦破黄昏到黎明的彻夜宵禁仍在实施当中，主要的社交媒体和消息服务仍被政府屏蔽。
interrogate
表示“审问”，英文解释为“If someone, especially a police officer, interrogates someone, they question them thoroughly for a long time in order to get some information from them”举个🌰：
I interrogated everyone even slightly involved.
我审问了每个人，即便是稍有关联的人也在其中。
curfew
表示“宵禁；宵禁时间”，英文解释为“a law that forces people to stay indoors after a particular time at night, or the time people must be indoors ”举个🌰：
The government imposed a night-time curfew throughout the country.
政府在全国实施宵禁。
• Within hours of the bombings, Sri Lankan security services arrested at least 24 suspects, and by Tuesday the number had grown to 40, suggesting the government knew where key members of Thowheeth Jama’ath could be found. The group was under surveillance, and the authorities had learned as far back as January that radical Islamists possibly tied to the group had stockpiled weapons and detonators.
爆炸案后数小时内，斯里兰卡安全机构逮捕了至少24名嫌犯，截止周二，这一数字已增至40，表明政府知道能在哪里找到国家一神教团的关键成员。该组织处于监控之中，当局早在1月就已得知，可能与该组织有关联的极端伊斯兰分子在囤积武器和炸药。
stockpile
表示“大量储备”，英文解释为“If people stockpile things such as food or weapons, they store large quantities of them for future use.”举个🌰：
People are stockpiling food for the coming winter.
人们正在为即将到来的冬天大量储备食物。
• A forensic analysis of body parts found that most of the attacks had been carried out by lone bombers, but that two men had attacked the Shangri-La Hotel in Colombo.
对尸骸的法医分析发现，大部分袭击是由单个炸弹袭击者实施的，但对科伦坡香格里拉酒店的袭击由两名男子实施。
forensic
表示“法庭科学取证的”，英文解释为“Forensic is used to describe the work of scientists who examine evidence in order to help the police solve crimes.”举个🌰：
Forensic experts searched the area for clues.
法庭科学取证专家们为寻找线索而搜查了这个地区。
• The leader of National Thowheeth Jama’ath, Mohammed Zaharan, is a known extremist who has spent time in both India and Sri Lanka, and who in recent years has preached hateful messages online.
国家一神教团头目穆罕默德·扎赫兰(Mohammed Zaharan)是已知的极端主义分子，他曾在印度和斯里兰卡居留，近年来曾在网上宣扬仇恨讯息。
• One of the suicide bombers was arrested a few months ago on suspicion of having vandalized a statue of Buddha, a highly provocative act in Sri Lanka, a Buddhist-majority island nation in the Indian Ocean.
其中一名自杀式炸弹袭击者曾因涉嫌破坏佛像于数月前被捕。在斯里兰卡这个佛教徒占多数的印度洋岛国，破坏佛像是大逆不道的行为。
vandalize
表示“故意破坏”，英文解释为“If something such as a building or part of a building is vandalized by someone, it is damaged on purpose.”举个🌰：
The walls had been horribly vandalized with spray paint.
这些墙壁已被人用喷漆破坏得一塌糊涂。
provocative
表示“挑衅的”，英文解释为“If you describe something as provocative, you mean that it is intended to make people react angrily or argue against it.”举个🌰：
He has made a string of outspoken and sometimes provocative speeches in recent years.
他最近几年做了一系列直言不讳的、有时带有挑衅的演说。
• Before the Islamic State made its claim, intelligence and counterterrorism analysts in Washington were scrutinizing possible ties between the militant group and the attackers, but as of Monday afternoon they had not reached any definitive conclusions.
在伊斯兰国声称负责之前，华盛顿的情报和反恐分析师在审查该武装组织与袭击者之间的关联，但截止周一下午，他们尚未得出任何明确结论。
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